{"id":752,"date":"2025-12-31T16:48:54","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T16:48:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/?p=752"},"modified":"2026-09-02T15:30:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T15:30:09","slug":"q4-2025-newsletter-insights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/q4-2025-newsletter-insights\/","title":{"rendered":"Q4 2025 &#8211;  Newsletter Insights"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 16pt\">A Bifurcation in Sentiment<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Markets rarely linger in equilibrium. The pendulum of sentiment swings between fear and greed, and this year has been no exception. After April\u2019s lows, the S&amp;P surged over 30 percent in just two months, one of the fastest rallies in recent history, while the TSX hit multiple all-time highs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Yet, the mood among investors remained divided. The summer enthusiasm saw a return of speculative <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">fervour<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">: meme stocks and cryptocurrencies (consider that <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">Fartcoin<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> reached a market cap of $1 billion). <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">Many younger investors, who came of age during the low-rate post-pandemic era (and notably have never experienced a prolonged bear market), leaned into the euphoria.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> More seasoned investors, meanwhile, appeared to be climbing the proverbial \u201cwall of worry,\u201d mindful of cycles past.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">One driver has been the substantial optimism over artificial intelligence (AI). In the first half of 2025, AI capital expenditures contributed more to U.S. GDP growth than consumer spending.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> This has prompted some analysts to ask: Would the U.S. economy have contracted without this massive spend? The top four tech firms alone are on track to spend $344 billion in AI capex this year\u2014about one percent of total U.S. GDP.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Indeed, the excitement pushed valuations to elevated levels. By summer\u2019s end, the S&amp;P 500 traded at 22.0x forward earnings; well above its long-term average of 16.7x, with the top 10 stocks at 28.8x.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> The S&amp;P\/TSX sat lower at 17.0x, reflecting Canada\u2019s heavier weighting in value-oriented sectors like energy and financials.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Are we approaching bubble territory? At the height of the dot-com boom, the S&amp;P 500 had a forward P\/E of <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">24.2x<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">, but many stocks traded much higher: Cisco at 200x and Microsoft at 73x! In the late 1990s, simply adding \u201c.com\u201d to a company\u2019s name could send valuations soaring. Today\u2019s tech leaders are different: profitable, diversified, generating substantial cash flow and leaders in innovation. During the bubble of the \u201cNifty Fifty\u201d era in the 1960s and 1970s, Polaroid traded at 90x earnings, yet investors still justified such multiples for \u201cone-decision\u201d stocks\u2014buy and never sell.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Today\u2019s extended valuations may be viewed through several lenses. Lower interest rates increase the present value of future cash flows. Higher multiples are often justified for high-growth sectors like technology, when innovation and productivity gains are expected to persist. Supply\/demand dynamics have also shifted: the number of U.S. publicly-listed companies has shrunk by half from its peak of 8,000 in 1996, while retail participation has surged: 62 percent of U.S. households own stocks, up from less than 40 percent in 1990.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>5 <\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">And<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">, of course, investor euphoria has <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">fuelled<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> gains.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">While momentum can carry further than many anticipate, fundamentals eventually reassert themselves. Earnings growth and return on capital, among others, drive long-term performance, even when short-term dislocations occur. Elevated valuations can reduce upside potential if prices already reflect optimistic outcomes, and amplify downside risk should expectations falter. The price you pay remains important to achieving strong long-term outcomes. Valuations may not forecast short-term movements, but they remain a dependable compass, helping investors steer between the twin forces of fear and greed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">As the cooler days approach, it is a reminder that the end of the year will be here before we know it. If you need assistance with any investing matters in these final months of 2025 (see pg. 3, in brief), please call the office. This Thanksgiving season and beyond<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">, we<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829\">remain grateful for your trust and wish you a lovely fall.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">1. https:\/\/fortune.com\/2025\/08\/06\/data-center-artificial-intelligence-bubble-consumer-spending-economy\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.15pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">2. https:\/\/financialpost.com\/news\/big-techs-big-bet-ai-driving-spending <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.15pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">3. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">At<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\"> 6\/30\/25. https:\/\/am.jpmorgan.com\/content\/dam\/jpm-am-aem\/global\/en\/insights\/market-insights\/guide-to-the-markets\/mi-guide-to-the-markets-us.pdf<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.15pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">4. Nifty Fifty: A group of 50 NYSE large-cap stocks. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">https:\/\/awealthofcommonsense.com\/2020\/07\/the-nifty-fifty-and-the-old-normal\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">5. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2023\/10\/18\/percentage-americans-own-stock-market-investing\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #0563c1;font-size: 7.5pt\">https:\/\/www.axios.com\/2023\/10\/18\/percentage-americans-own-stock-market-investing<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 10pt\"><span style=\"text-transform: uppercase\">wealth perspectives<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 16pt\">Food For Thought: We\u2019ve Never Been Wealthier<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Canadians are wealthier than ever. The latest statistics show that average household net worth reached $1.03 million last year and continued to rise. Total wealth has grown by 30 percent since 2019, with Millennial and Gen X wealth climbing by over 10 percent in 2024.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"367\" height=\"131\" class=\"wp-image-753 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-381t844r1513b367w131h.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-381t844r1513b367w131h.jpg 367w, https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-381t844r1513b367w131h-300x107.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Despite facing one of the toughest job markets in decades and a difficult path to homeownership, Gen Z (born 1997 to 2012) is doing just fine. At the same age, Gen Z incomes are 50 percent higher than Boomers\u2019, according to <\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"><em>The<\/em><\/span><\/strong> <strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"><em>Economist<\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">. By comparison, Gen X incomes were only 16 percent higher than Boomers\u2019 at the same age\u2014the smallest gain of any group, likely due to a weak <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">labour<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> market after the Global Financial Crisis.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> Gen Z is also saving better, contributing a greater share to retirement plans than Millennials did when entering the workforce. In 2023, the median RRSP contribution for those under 25 was more than 20 percent higher than Millennials in 2009.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Yet, despite rising wealth across every generation, many don\u2019t feel wealthy. Higher living costs have strained households, while constant connectivity makes it easy for some to feel like they\u2019re falling behind the Joneses. Wealth can be a slippery benchmark\u2014it often feels like it\u2019s never quite enough. Research shows that people quickly adapt. While incremental increases provide a temporary boost in satisfaction, expectations quickly reset. In one survey, 19 percent of people with a net worth of at least US$500,000 said that \u2018having enough money\u2019 was a constant worry. Yet, among those with a net worth of at least US$10 million, 33 percent felt the same.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">At the end of the day, however, it\u2019s worth remembering: being a millionaire (in USD) puts you in the top 1.6 percent of the wealth pyramid globally.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">The Global Wealth Pyramid<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"196\" height=\"156\" class=\"wp-image-754 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-850l555t316r1219b196w156h.jpg\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">1. https:\/\/financialpost.com\/wealth\/canadian-households-worth-more-million-2024<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">2. https:\/\/www.economist.com\/finance-and-economics\/2024\/04\/16\/generation-z-is-unprecedentedly-rich<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">3. https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/investing\/personal-finance\/retirement\/article-retirement-savings-gen-z-canadians\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">4. \u201cYour Money &amp; Your Brain,\u201d Jason Zweig, pg. 127<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">5. Based on USD. https:\/\/www.ubs.com\/global\/en\/wealthmanagement\/insights\/global-wealth-report.html<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 10pt\"><span style=\"text-transform: uppercase\">artificial intelligence exuberance: how far we\u2019ve come<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 16pt\">At a Glance: Perspectives on the Big Tech Bull Market<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">After a summer of considerable market enthusiasm surrounding artificial intelligence (AI), it\u2019s worth taking a step back.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Why does AI seem to be advancing so quickly? While it may feel like a recent phenomenon, its roots stretch back to the 1950s when Alan Turing proposed his now-famous \u201cTuring Test\u201d for machine intelligence. What\u2019s different today is the pace of progress, driven by exponential increases in computing power, vast datasets and advances in machine learning algorithms. To put it into perspective, in the late 1980s, annual data creation was measured in terabytes (TB). In 2025, global data generation is expected to exceed 180 zettabytes (ZB)\u2014one ZB is a billion times larger than one TB. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">At the end of the<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> 1980s, one terabyte of storage cost more than $20 million; today, it is well under $100\u2014a mind-blowing decline in just four decades.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"341\" height=\"126\" class=\"wp-image-755 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-841l1288t70r619b341w126h.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-841l1288t70r619b341w126h.jpg 341w, https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_2-841l1288t70r619b341w126h-300x111.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 341px) 100vw, 341px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Few doubt that AI will be an economic driver in the years ahead. Technology has long supported productivity gains. Consider how revenue per employee has dramatically increased since 1991 (chart, <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">), <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">fueled<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> by computers, the internet, mobile devices, software and the innovation they\u2019ve enabled. However, key questions remain: Will AI live up to its transformative promise, reshaping the world like the steam engine or lightbulb? And, beyond the excitement, who will emerge as the winners?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Concerns persist about the concentration of big tech in the S&amp;P 500, but the reality is more nuanced. Today\u2019s largest tech firms differ from the internet darlings of the late 1990s. The \u201cMagnificent Seven\u201d are cash-generating, innovative and diversified, having acquired over 800 companies and expanding across industries. In many ways, they function as modern tech conglomerates\u2014still growing organically, but supported by multiple engines of innovation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Ultimately, history reminds us that the successful adoption of any new technology doesn\u2019t guarantee financial success for all early adopters. Thoughtful analysis and evaluation, alongside a diversified approach to balance exposure and keep portfolios resilient as conditions shift, can help investors capture innovation\u2019s upside.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">1. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/grapher\/historical-cost-of-computer-memory-and-storage<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">2. Inflation-adjusted; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ritholtz.com\/2025\/08\/the-magnificent-493\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;color: #0563c1;font-size: 7.5pt\">https:\/\/ritholtz.com\/2025\/08\/the-magnificent-493\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Select Large Technology Company Acquisitions<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"margin-left: -0.4pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 1.5749559082892417cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.2\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.4074074074074074cm;vertical-align: bottom\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">IPO Year<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.9047619047619047cm;vertical-align: bottom\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"># of Acquisitions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4285714285714284cm;vertical-align: bottom\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Select Acquisitions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 1.5749559082892417cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Amazon<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.4074074074074074cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">1997<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.9047619047619047cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">105<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4285714285714284cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Whole Foods, MGM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 1.5749559082892417cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Google<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.4074074074074074cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">2004<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.9047619047619047cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">270<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4285714285714284cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">YouTube, Wiz<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 1.5749559082892417cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Microsoft<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.4074074074074074cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">1986<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.9047619047619047cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">250<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4285714285714284cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Activision, LinkedIn<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 1.5749559082892417cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Apple<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.4074074074074074cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">1980<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.9047619047619047cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 3.4285714285714284cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.55pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 9pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Siri, Beats<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.4\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.9pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 10pt\"><span style=\"text-transform: uppercase\">A 547% increase?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 16pt\">On the Rising Cost of Education<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">If you\u2019ve eaten fast food recently, you may be surprised by the bill. Thirty years ago, a Big Mac hamburger cost around $2. Today, it is almost four times the price. Over the same period, average family income has risen by 162 percent, while the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the official measure of inflation, increased by 140 percent. Yet, among the items compared below (chart), one cost has far outpaced everything else: university tuition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">With the school year now underway, it is a timely reminder to consider education funding. Ensuring our families have the financial means to support higher education is more important than ever, given the rising costs. An investment program is also a great way for parents, grandparents and other family members to leave a legacy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">\u2014 The most common tool, the RESP offers tax-deferred investment growth, Canada Education Savings Grants (CESGs) of up to $7,200 per beneficiary and potential income-splitting when funds are withdrawn and taxed in a beneficiary\u2019s hands.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Formal Trust <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">\u2014 Unlike RESPs, there are no contribution limits (RESPs have a $50,000 per beneficiary limit), tax deferral or CESG benefits. However, earnings on trust assets may be taxed in the hands of the trust beneficiary if properly structured so attribution rules do not apply. Be aware that once funds are paid to the beneficiary, they can be used for any purpose, not just education.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Life Insurance <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">\u2014 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">Participating<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> whole life insurance can be structured to accumulate cash value to help cover future education costs. The cash value grows in a tax-advantaged way, and the policy also provides life insurance protection for the beneficiary.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Do You Have a Student in the Family?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">If you have a student attending post-secondary school, keeping good records is important to take full advantage of tax benefits. Two tips:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ul\" style=\"margin: 0\">\n<div class=\"li\" style=\"margin: 0\">\n<div style=\"margin-top: 2.15pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 36pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;position: relative;text-indent: -18pt;color: #282829\"><span style=\"position: absolute;top: -0.34em;left: 0px\">\u2022<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Tuition Tax Credit <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">\u2014 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">This<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> federal non-refundable credit has been reduced to 14 percent of eligible tuition fees (July 2025), with provincial credits available. After applying the tuition credit to their own taxes, any remaining credit can be transferred to one of the following<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> individuals<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">: spouse\/partner, parent or grandparent to a maximum of $5,000 less the amount used by the student. Unused amounts can also be carried forward for use by the student in a future year.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"li\" style=\"margin: 0\">\n<div style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 36pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;position: relative;text-indent: -18pt;color: #282829\"><span style=\"position: absolute;top: -0.34em;left: 0px\">\u2022<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Moving Expenses<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> \u2014 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">Certain<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> moving costs may be deductible. For example, if a student attends a post-secondary program at least 40 km from home and returns in the summer for a job, these expenses may be deductible for the student on a tax return.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Changes in (Nominal) Prices of Select Items: 1987 &amp; 2025<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"margin-left: -0.4pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.2\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">1987<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">2025<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Change<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Cdn<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">. Family Income (Avg.)<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$42,686<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$112,001<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+162%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Cdn<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">. House (Avg.)<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$129,702<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$672,784<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+419%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Flat Screen TV<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">$1,599<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> (32\u201d)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">$750 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">(55\u201d)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">-53%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Top Apple Computer<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>5<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$9,150<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$8,999<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">-2%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Microwave<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">$580<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> (680W)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">$300 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">(1100W)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">-48%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Bottle of Dom Perignon<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>6<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$85.25<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$351.95<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+313%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Big Mac Hamburger<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>7<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$2.05<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$7.81<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+281%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">University Tuition<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$1,137<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">$7,360<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+547%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Consumer Price Index<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>8<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">67.5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">162<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+140%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.8624338624338623cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">S&amp;P\/TSX Composite Index<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>9<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.9964726631393297cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;margin-left: 4.5pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">3,975.32<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.8800705467372134cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">28,564.50<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.560846560846561cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">+619%<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 11pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">1. 1987 data is nominal data from: Report on Business Magazine, Apr. 2012, pg. 13; 2. https:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/collections\/collection_2018\/statcan\/13-208\/CS13-208-1987.pdf; Stat Can T-1110019101 for 2025, with 3.6% (2024) &amp; 3.8% (2025) wage growth assumptions; 3. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">Data from CREA; April 1987 and July 2025 data; 4.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">Average Sony HD TV price based on 32\u201d and 55\u201d, bestbuy.ca; 5.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">MacPro<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\"> Tower, apple.ca; 6.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">LCBO Ontario pricing at July 1987 and July 2025; 7.<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">E<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">conomist.com Big Mac Index raw data: https:\/\/github.com\/TheEconomist\/big-mac-data; 8. https:\/\/bankofcanada.ca\/rates\/related\/inflation-calculator\/ for June 1987 &amp; 2025; 9. <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\">At<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7pt\"> close on 8\/27\/87 and 8\/29\/25.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 10pt\"><span style=\"text-transform: uppercase\">Feel As Though You\u2019re Paying more tax?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #323e48;font-size: 16pt\">In Brief: Tax Planning Before Year-End<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">Despite rising living costs, the share of income spent on necessities has declined. In 1976, households spent about 43 percent of their income on shelter, food and clothing. Today, this <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">has fallen to<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> around 35 percent. What has risen is the share we pay to taxes. In 2025, the average Canadian family paid 43.1 percent in taxes.<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> Put differently, if taxes were paid <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">upfront<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\">, the first 158 days\u2019 earnings would go entirely to the government!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">This is why tax planning continues to be an important part of wealth planning. As we approach the final months of the year, here are a handful of actions, in brief, that may help improve your tax position in 2025:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Split income. <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">This may include electing to split eligible pension income with a spouse or paying reasonable salaries to family members for services provided to your self-employed business.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Contribute to your RRSP.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> You still have 60 days after the calendar year end to make contributions for the 2025 tax year, but the earlier you contribute, the greater opportunity for tax-deferred growth.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Consider tax-loss harvesting.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> Realize capital losses to offset capital gains. Please contact the office well before the end of the year to enact this strategy to allow for sufficient settlement time.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Give charitably.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> Gifting publicly-traded securities to a registered charity may offer tax benefits, including eliminating the capital gains tax liability on appreciated securities.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Claim the pension income tax credit.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> If you are 65 years or older and don\u2019t have eligible pension income, consider opening a small RRIF or purchasing an annuity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Withdraw from the TFSA before year-end. <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">If you plan to withdraw, consider doing so before the year-end. Contribution room resets at the start of the calendar year, so withdrawals after December 31, 2025, won\u2019t restore contribution room until January 1, 2027.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829\">Make RESP contributions.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #282829\"> While it won\u2019t save tax, you may potentially benefit from the CESGs for 2025.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">For more information or ideas, please contact the office. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 2.15pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt;margin-left: 7.2pt;text-indent: -7.2pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 7.5pt\">1. https:\/\/www.fraserinstitute.org\/commentary\/canadian-families-must-work-nearly-half-year-pay-taxes<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"297\" height=\"233\" class=\"wp-image-756 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/249\/2026\/08\/Q425-WAPW-Newsletter_Page_3-1122l1370t377b297w233h.jpg\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #1c2b39;font-size: 10pt\"><span style=\"text-transform: uppercase\">High-Net-Worth Intergenerational Wealth Planning:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #485865;font-size: 16pt\">The Mechanics <\/span><span style=\"color: #485865;font-size: 16pt\">Behind<\/span><span style=\"color: #485865;font-size: 16pt\"> the Cascading Life Insurance Strategy<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829\">When it comes to preserving family wealth, many affluent Canadians face a familiar challenge: How do I pass assets along to future generations in a tax-efficient way? In the past,<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> we have<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829\">discussed various ways to support an intergenerational wealth transfer, such as the use of a testamentary trust, a life annuity and introducing<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829\"> us, your advisors<\/span> <span style=\"color: #282829\">to your beneficiaries to provide support. Yet, these tactics may not focus solely on tax efficiency.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">For high-net-worth investors, cascading life insurance can offer a tax-efficient way to transfer family wealth across multiple generations. In general, the strategy involves a whole life insurance policy structured so that a future generation ultimately receives the death benefit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">Cascading life insurance is designed to shift both ownership and benefits, so they \u201ccascade\u201d between generations. It can be used in various family situations\u2014not just for parents\/grandparents. Aunts, uncles and other relatives who want to support non-child heirs may also find this insurance strategy appealing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">To understand how this works in practice, consider the example of grandparents purchasing cascading life insurance. They buy a whole life policy that insures the life of their child, naming a grandchild as the beneficiary. The grandparents can transfer their wealth by using the Additional Deposit Option (ADO), allowing them to increase the policy\u2019s cash value. Upon the grandparents\u2019 death, ownership of the policy transfers to the adult child on a tax-free basis. When the adult child passes, the grandchild receives the death benefit tax free. While this is just one approach, it illustrates the core principle: transferring wealth in a controlled, tax-efficient way across multiple generations. The chart below illustrates the potential benefits for each generation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.5pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 12pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">As with any insurance strategy, there are potential risks. Ongoing premium payments are required, and failure to pay may result in the coverage lapsing. Withdrawals from the whole life policy\u2019s cash value may have tax implications. Once the policy is transferred, the original owner loses control, allowing the new owner to make changes that may differ from the original intent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 12pt\">For high-net-worth (HNW) families looking to safeguard wealth and create a multi-generational legacy, cascading life insurance may be worth considering. For a deeper discussion, please contact the office.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">Illustrative: The Cascading Life Insurance Strategy \u2014 <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">An<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\"> Example for Grandparents<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"margin-left: -0.4pt\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.601410934744268cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">Ownership<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.54673721340388cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">Responsibility<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.675485008818342cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">Potential Benefits<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.601410934744268cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">1st Generation <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">You, The Grandparent (\u201cPolicy Owner\u201d)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.54673721340388cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Pays the premiums and controls the policy<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Names adult child as the \u201clife insured\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Names grandchildren as beneficiaries<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.675485008818342cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Unlike non-registered investments, funds invested in the policy (\u201ccash value\u201d) may grow on a tax-sheltered basis and be protected from income tax or probate fees <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 8pt\">(where applicable)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Utilizing the ADO option allows the policy owner to increase the policy\u2019s cash value<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Policy premiums may be lower (for the 2nd generation) than if the grandparents had insured their own lives<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Retains control of funds until death, with the ability to access cash values accumulated in the policy, if required<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Tax-free transfer of policy ownership upon death (bypassing probate, where applicable)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003After transfer, funds withdrawn are taxed in the new owner\u2019s hands<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.601410934744268cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">2nd Generation<\/span> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">Your Adult Child (\u201cContingent Owner\u201d)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.54673721340388cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Named as \u201clife insured\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Eventually assumes ownership of <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">the <\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">policy <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003May continue to add funds to protect\/build wealth through the ADO option<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.675485008818342cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Life insurance protection<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Ability to access any cash values (once the policy ownership is transferred), if required<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Policy is protected from creditors<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 3.601410934744268cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 9pt\">3rd Generation <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt\"><strong><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">Your Grandchildren (\u201cBeneficiary\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">ies<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u201d)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 4.54673721340388cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 4.3pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Named as \u201cbeneficiary\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">ies<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u201d of<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\"> the<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\"> policy<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.675485008818342cm;vertical-align: top\">\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Receives tax-free death benefit on the life of the insured<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2022<\/span><span style=\"color: #282829;font-size: 6pt\">\u2003\u2003Can use eventual proceeds to further the \u201ccascade\u201d by purchasing policies on their own adult children<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.44;color: #000000;font-size: 8.5pt;margin-left: 9pt;text-indent: -9pt\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0pt;padding-top: 0;margin-bottom: 8pt;padding-bottom: 0;line-height: 1.3\"><span style=\"display: inline-block;height: 1em\"><span style=\"display: none\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Bifurcation in Sentiment &nbsp; Markets rarely linger in equilibrium. The pendulum of sentiment swings between fear and greed, and this year has been no exception. After April\u2019s lows, the S&amp;P surged over 30 percent in just two months, one of the fastest rallies in recent history, while the TSX hit multiple all-time highs. &nbsp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":106,"featured_media":1019,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-752","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter-insights"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Q4 2025 - Newsletter Insights - Stonehaven Private Counsel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/advisor.wellington-altus.ca\/stonehavenprivatecounsel\/q4-2025-newsletter-insights\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Q4 2025 - Newsletter Insights - Stonehaven Private Counsel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A Bifurcation in Sentiment &nbsp; Markets rarely linger in equilibrium. The pendulum of sentiment swings between fear and greed, and this year has been no exception. 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Markets rarely linger in equilibrium. The pendulum of sentiment swings between fear and greed, and this year has been no exception. 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